Date : 2017
Type : Livre / Book
Type : Thèse / ThesisLangue / Language : français / French
Consommation d'alcool -- Psychologie
Résumé / Abstract : Les Pensées Répétitives Négatives (PRN) font référence à des pensées récurrentes, prolongées et relativement incontrôlables au sujet de nos expériences négatives passées, actuelles ou anticipées. Ce processus transdiagnostique serait impliqué dans de nombreux troubles psychologiques, dont les troubles de l’usage de l’alcool (TUA). Cette thèse s’inscrit dans une démarche processuelle afin d’étudier l’impact des PRN sur la consommation d’alcool chez des patients souffrant d’un TUA. La recension systématique des travaux concernant la relation entre PRN et consommation d’alcool a souligné des interrogations concernant l’influence du sexe et de la symptomatologie anxio-dépressive sur ce lien. Afin de répondre à ces questions laissées sans réponses par la littérature, nous avons menées une étude écologique en temps réel via l’utilisation d’une application électronique qui enregistraient les PRN, les émotions et la consommation d’alcool chez des patients souffrant d’un TUA, suivis en ambulatoire. Pour mener à bien cette étude, deux outils transdiagnostiques d’évaluation des PRN ont d’abord été validés. Le Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire a permis l’évaluation transdiagnostique des PRN-traits, soit la tendance habituelle à utiliser des PRN et le Momentary Ruminative Self-Focus Inventory, a permis d’examiner les PRN-états, soient le recours aux PRN au moment de la passation. Les résultats de la thèse démontrent que les PRN expliquent la consommation d’alcool. Ils sont discutés en lien avec la formulation métacognitive triphasique des problèmes d’alcool. L’intérêt de valider la prise en charge transdiagnostique des PRN dans le cadre des TUA est également développée.
Résumé / Abstract : Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) refers to a style of recurring, relatively uncontrollable and prolonged thoughts about one’s current, past or anticipated negative experiences. This transdiagnostic mental process is shared across a wide range of psychological disorders, including alcohol use disorders (AUD). The current thesis examined the link between RNT and alcohol use among patients suffering from an AUD in a processual perspective. The systematic review of the literature on the relationship between RNT and alcohol use highlighted some questions about the impact of sex and anxious or depressed symptoms. To address these unanswered questions, we conducted an ecological study in real time through the use of an electronical application assessing RNT, mood and alcohol consumption among AUD patients. To accomplish this aim, two transdiagnostic scales evaluating RNT were validated. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire assessed RNT-traits which is the habitual tendency to have RNT, and the Momentary Ruminative Self-Focus Inventory examined RNT-state which is the use of RNT at the time of the assessment. Results of this thesis demonstrated that the link between RNT and alcohol use was direct. They are discussed according to the triphasic metacognitive formulation of problem drinking. The interest of validating the Rumination-focused Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy for AUD patients is developed.Repetitive Negative Thinking (RNT) refers to a style of recurring, relatively uncontrollable and prolonged thoughts about one’s current, past or anticipated negative experiences. This transdiagnostic mental process is shared across a wide range of psychological disorders, including alcohol use disorders (AUD). The current thesis examined the link between RNT and alcohol use among patients suffering from an AUD in a processual perspective. The systematic review of the literature on the relationship between RNT and alcohol use highlighted some questions about the impact of sex and anxious or depressed symptoms. To address these unanswered questions, we conducted an ecological study in real time through the use of an electronical application assessing RNT, mood and alcohol consumption among AUD patients. To accomplish this aim, two transdiagnostic scales evaluating RNT were validated. The Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire assessed RNT-traits which is the habitual tendency to have RNT, and the Momentary Ruminative Self-Focus Inventory examined RNT-state which is the use of RNT at the time of the assessment. Results of this thesis demonstrated that the link between RNT and alcohol use was direct. They are discussed according to the triphasic metacognitive formulation of problem drinking. The interest of validating the Rumination-focused Cognitive and Behavioural Therapy for AUD patients is developed.